Poker Glossary

121 terms — every concept, slang word, and stat in modern poker, with examples and links to the relevant tool.

Action

Your turn to act, or the overall betting activity in a hand.

All-In

Betting all your remaining chips.

Ante

A forced bet all players must post before each hand.

Backdoor

A draw needing two perfect cards (turn + river) to complete.

Bad Beat

Losing a hand where you were a heavy statistical favorite.

Bankroll

The money set aside for poker, separate from living expenses.

Barrel

A continuation bet on a later street (double = flop+turn, triple = + river).

Big Blind (BB)

The forced bet posted by the player two seats left of the dealer.

Blind

A forced bet posted before the cards are dealt.

Bluff

Betting or raising with a weak hand to make opponents fold.

Board

The community cards dealt face-up in the middle of the table.

Bottom Pair

A pair using one of your hole cards and the lowest board card.

Buy-In

The amount required to enter a game or tournament.

C-Bet(Continuation Bet)

A bet on the flop by the preflop raiser.

Call

Matching the current bet to stay in the hand.

Check

Passing the action when no bet is pending.

Check-Raise

Checking, then raising after an opponent bets.

Cooler

A hand where two players have very strong holdings — unavoidable losses happen.

Cutoff(CO)

The position one seat right of the button. Second-best position.

Dealer Button(BTN)

The best position — last to act on every postflop street.

Donk Bet

A bet made out of position by the non-aggressor.

Double Up

Winning an all-in to double your chip stack.

Drawing Dead

Having no card left in the deck that can win the hand.

Equity

Your statistical share of the pot, expressed as a winning probability.

EV(Expected Value)

The average profit/loss of a play over infinite repetitions.

Fish

A weak, losing player.

Flop

The first three community cards dealt face-up.

Flush

Five cards of the same suit. Beats a straight.

Flush Draw

Four cards of the same suit, needing one more for a flush.

Fold

Discarding your hand and forfeiting any chance at the pot.

Fold Equity

The value gained from the chance opponents fold to your bet.

Freeroll

A tournament with no entry fee but real prizes.

Full House

Three of a kind plus a pair. Beats a flush.

GTO(Game Theory Optimal)

A mathematically unexploitable strategy.

Gutshot

An inside straight draw — needing one specific rank (4 outs).

Heads-Up

A hand or game with only two players.

HUD(Heads-Up Display)

Software showing real-time stats on opponents.

ICM(Independent Chip Model)

Converts tournament chip stacks to real-dollar equity.

Implied Odds

Pot odds adjusted for expected future bets if you hit your draw.

Kicker

The side card that breaks ties between same-rank hands.

Limp

Calling the big blind preflop instead of raising.

MTT(Multi-Table Tournament)

A tournament played across many tables, players consolidating until one is left.

Muck

Folding without showing your cards. Also: the discard pile.

NIT

An extremely tight player who only enters pots with premium hands.

Nuts

The best possible hand at that moment.

OESD(Open-Ended Straight Draw)

A straight draw with two ranks completing it (8 outs).

Outs

Cards remaining in the deck that improve your hand to a winner.

Overbet

Betting more than the size of the pot.

Overcard

A card higher than any on the board.

Pair

Two cards of the same rank.

PLO(Pot-Limit Omaha)

Variant where each player gets 4 hole cards and must use exactly 2.

Position

Where you sit relative to the dealer button. Later = better.

Pot

The total chips/money currently being contested.

Pot Odds

The ratio of the current pot to the cost of calling.

Preflop

The betting round before any community cards are dealt.

Raise

Increasing the current bet.

Rake

The percentage of each pot taken by the poker room.

Rakeback

A percentage of paid rake returned to the player.

Range

The set of all hands a player could hold in a given spot.

River

The fifth and final community card.

ROI(Return on Investment)

Tournament profit as a percentage of total buy-ins.

Run It Twice

Dealing remaining community cards twice when players are all-in.

Semi-Bluff

Bluffing with a hand that can improve.

Set

Three of a kind made by holding a pocket pair matching a board card.

Shark

A skilled, winning player.

Short Stack

Having significantly fewer chips than the table average.

Showdown

When remaining players reveal their hands to determine the winner.

Sit & Go(SnG)

A small tournament that starts when enough players register.

Slow Play

Playing a strong hand passively to trap opponents.

Small Blind(SB)

The smaller forced bet posted by the player left of the dealer.

SPR(Stack-to-Pot Ratio)

Effective stack divided by pot size on the flop.

Straight

Five consecutive cards of any suit.

Straight Draw

Four cards that need one more to make a straight.

Street

A round of betting (preflop, flop, turn, river).

Suited

Two cards of the same suit (e.g. AKs).

TAG

Tight-Aggressive — playing few hands but betting/raising aggressively when you do.

Tell

A behavior that gives away information about a hand.

Three-Bet(3-bet)

Re-raising a preflop raise.

Tilt

Playing emotionally rather than logically — usually after a bad beat.

Top Pair

A pair using one hole card and the highest board card.

Trips

Three of a kind using one hole card and a paired board.

Turn

The fourth community card.

Under the Gun(UTG)

The first player to act preflop. Worst seat at a 6+ player table.

Value Bet

Betting with a strong hand to extract money from worse hands.

Variance

The natural ups and downs of poker results around your true win rate.

VPIP(Voluntarily Put In Pot)

% of hands a player voluntarily enters (excludes blind posts).

Whale

A very bad player with a lot of money.

Wheel

The lowest possible straight: A-2-3-4-5.

Polarised

A range with only very strong hands and bluffs — no medium-strength hands.

Linear

A range that includes the strongest hands by equity, top-down.

Merged

A range mixing value and medium-strength hands but no bluffs.

Cap

A maximum strength your range cannot exceed.

Blocker

A card you hold that reduces opponent’s likely strong combos.

Combo

A specific 2-card hand combination (e.g. A♠K♦).

Equity Realisation

How much of your raw equity you actually win on average.

Open

The first preflop raise after the blinds.

Squeeze

Re-raising over an open and one or more callers preflop.

Stab

A small bet at an unraised pot, typically by the in-position player after a check.

Float

Calling a flop bet with the intention of bluffing on a later street.

Fold-to-CBet

% of times a player folds to a continuation bet.

Aggression Factor(AF)

(Bets + Raises) / Calls — how aggressively a player plays.

WTSD(Went to Showdown)

% of pots a player sees showdown after the flop.

Check-Back

When the in-position player checks behind on a street.

Range Advantage

Whose range has more equity on a given board.

Nut Advantage

Which player’s range contains more very strong hands.

Reverse Implied Odds

Future losses you’ll incur when you make a hand that’s second-best.

Min-Cash

Finishing in the lowest-paying spot in a tournament.

Bubble

The point in a tournament where the next elimination cashes nobody / final-tables nobody.

Final Table

The last table of a multi-table tournament, usually 9 or fewer players.

Open-Limp

Limping in (calling the BB) when you’re first to act preflop.

Iso-Raise

Raising over a limper to play heads-up against them.

Cold Call

Calling a raise without having previously been involved in the betting.

Burn Card

The card discarded face-down before each community-card deal.

Dry Board

A flop with little draw structure (e.g. K-7-2 rainbow).

Wet Board

A flop with many draws (suited and connected, e.g. 9♥8♥7♣).

Backdoor Flush

Having one card to a flush on the flop.

Combo Draw

A hand with multiple draws (e.g. flush draw + straight draw).

Effective Stack

The smaller of two stacks in a heads-up pot — the most that can be won/lost.

Levelling

Trying to outthink an opponent by guessing what they think you’ll do.

Solver

Software that computes near-GTO ranges and bet sizings.

Stake

The blind / buy-in level of a game (NL10, NL25, $1/$2, etc.).